Lekwena Radar North-West University
Forecast

NWU-WRF

A two-domain operational WRF-ARW forecast, run in house every day.

  • 4.8.0WRF-ARW version
  • 3 kmFinest nest
  • 72 hForecast length
  • 18ZDaily GFS cycle

An operational WRF-ARW configuration run in house each day and co-located with the Lekwena radar and the NWU station network for verification. Model documentation is maintained by the WRF user community.

Open the full WRF portal

Synoptic overview

Surface analysis with the two upper-air levels that drive it, stepped three-hourly from T+12 h to T+72 h — on the model's own 9 km domain, and on the wider GFS fields that force it.

Official warnings

Issued by the South African Weather Service.

Impact dashboards

Model output scored per location against storm, heat, frost, fire and agricultural decision thresholds.

Severe convective environment

How supportive the atmosphere would be for a storm that forms at each point, on a 0-100 scale, from instability aloft, wind shear, low-level moisture and freezing level, reduced where capping would suppress convection.

Gridded fields

Each field is published at both resolutions. The 3 km nest resolves convection explicitly and is the better guide to thunderstorm timing, placement and mode over the Highveld.

  • Simulated Radar

    Model-simulated radar reflectivity.

    9 km 3 km

  • Accumulated Precipitation

    Precipitation accumulated from model initialisation.

    9 km 3 km

  • Simulated CAPE

    Convective available potential energy.

    9 km 3 km

  • Hail Forecast

    Maximum predicted hailstone diameter at the surface.

    9 km 3 km

  • Max Wind Gust (Beaufort)

    Peak surface gust in each output interval, banded by Beaufort force from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane force).

    9 km 3 km

  • Temperature

    Screen-level (2 m) air temperature.

    9 km 3 km

  • UTCI

    Universal Thermal Climate Index: equivalent temperature accounting for humidity, wind and radiation as well as air temperature.

    9 km 3 km

  • Cloud Fraction

    Total column cloud cover.

    9 km 3 km

  • Accumulated Evaporation

    Actual evapotranspiration accumulated from model initialisation.

    9 km 3 km

Vertical profiles for 34 locations are on the soundings page.

Interactive maps

Three of the fields above on an OpenStreetMap basemap, with a frame slider and an opacity control. 9 km only.

Model domains

DomainResolutionGridExtentCoverage
d02
Outer domain
9 km 214 x 200 14.7-36.1E, 20.5-36.9S South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini
Forced directly from GFS at the lateral boundary; cumulus parameterised
d03
Convection-permitting nest
3 km 246 x 156 21.9-29.4E, 23.6-27.9S North West and Gauteng
Cumulus scheme off - convection resolved explicitly

The two domains are two-way nested. The 9 km domain takes its lateral boundary conditions directly from GFS; both are published.

Configuration

Dynamical coreWRF-ARW v4.8.0, non-hydrostatic
Map projectionLambert Conformal (true latitudes -23.7 and -34.0)
MicrophysicsThompson (mp_physics = 6)
CumulusKain-Fritsch on d02, off on d03
Longwave radiationRRTMG (ra_lw_physics = 3)
Shortwave radiationRRTMG (ra_sw_physics = 3)
Planetary boundary layerYSU (bl_pbl_physics = 1)
Surface layerRevised MM5 Monin-Obukhov (sf_sfclay_physics = 1)
Land surfaceUnified Noah LSM (sf_surface_physics = 2), 4 soil layers
Initial and boundary conditionsNCEP GFS 0.25 deg, 3-hourly
Forecast length72 h
CycleDaily, from the 18Z GFS cycle

Practical limits