Lekwena Radar North-West University
Forecast

NWU-WRF

A three-domain operational WRF-ARW forecast, run in house every day.

  • 4.8.0WRF-ARW version
  • 3 kmFinest nest
  • 72 hForecast length
  • 18ZDaily GFS cycle

An operational WRF-ARW configuration run in house each day and co-located with the Lekwena radar and the NWU station network for verification. Model documentation is maintained by the WRF user community.

Open the full WRF portal

Synoptic overview

Surface analysis with the two upper-air levels that drive it, on the Southern Africa domain. Stepped three-hourly from T+12 h to T+72 h.

Official warnings

Issued by the South African Weather Service.

Impact dashboards

Model output scored per location against storm, heat, frost, fire and agricultural decision thresholds.

Severe convective environment

How supportive the atmosphere would be for a storm that forms at each point, on a 0-100 scale, from instability aloft, wind shear, low-level moisture and freezing level, reduced where capping would suppress convection.

Gridded fields

Each field is published at both resolutions. The 3 km nest resolves convection explicitly and is the better guide to thunderstorm timing, placement and mode over the Highveld.

  • Simulated Radar

    Model-simulated radar reflectivity.

    9 km 3 km

  • Accumulated Precipitation

    Precipitation accumulated from model initialisation.

    9 km 3 km

  • Simulated CAPE

    Convective available potential energy.

    9 km 3 km

  • Hail Forecast

    Maximum predicted hailstone diameter at the surface.

    9 km 3 km

  • Max Wind Gust (Beaufort)

    Peak surface gust in each output interval, banded by Beaufort force from 0 (calm) to 12 (hurricane force).

    9 km 3 km

  • Temperature

    Screen-level (2 m) air temperature.

    9 km 3 km

  • UTCI

    Universal Thermal Climate Index: equivalent temperature accounting for humidity, wind and radiation as well as air temperature.

    9 km 3 km

  • Cloud Fraction

    Total column cloud cover.

    9 km 3 km

  • Accumulated Evaporation

    Actual evapotranspiration accumulated from model initialisation.

    9 km 3 km

Vertical profiles for 48 locations are on the soundings page.

Interactive maps

Three of the fields above on an OpenStreetMap basemap, with a frame slider and an opacity control. 9 km only.

Model domains

DomainResolutionGridExtentCoverage
d01
Outer domain
18 km 279 x 219 0.4-49.6E, 5.4-40.3S Southern Africa
Lateral boundary forcing only - not published as gridded fields
d02
Regional domain
9 km 214 x 200 15.9-34.8E, 21.2-36.5S South Africa, Lesotho and Eswatini
Cumulus parameterised
d03
Convection-permitting nest
3 km 246 x 156 22.0-29.2E, 24.1-28.2S North West and Gauteng
Cumulus scheme off - convection resolved explicitly

The domains are two-way nested. The outer domain supplies lateral boundary conditions only; its gridded fields are not published.

Configuration

Dynamical coreWRF-ARW v4.8.0, non-hydrostatic
MicrophysicsThompson (mp_physics = 6)
CumulusKain-Fritsch on d01/d02, off on d03
Longwave radiationRRTMG (ra_lw_physics = 3)
Shortwave radiationRRTMG (ra_sw_physics = 3)
Planetary boundary layerYSU (bl_pbl_physics = 1)
Surface layerRevised MM5 Monin-Obukhov (sf_sfclay_physics = 1)
Land surfaceUnified Noah LSM (sf_surface_physics = 2), 4 soil layers
Initial and boundary conditionsNCEP GFS 0.25 deg, 3-hourly
Forecast length72 h
CycleDaily, from the 18Z GFS cycle

Practical limits